Kisah nizam al mulk biography

Meri 31 October Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Rutgers University Press,S. Cambridge University Press,S. Bosworth In van Donzel, E. The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume IV: Iran—Kha. Leiden: E. OCLC Bosworth, C. Archived from the original on 18 March Retrieved 13 September Kindle Publishing. Simon and Schuster.

The Assassins. Basic Books. Routledge,S. Barthold: Turkestan down to the Mongol Invasion.

Kisah nizam al mulk biography: Biography of Nizam al-Mulk. Nizam

I, Fasc. Bibliography [ edit ]. External links [ edit ]. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nizam al-Mulk. Taj al-Mulk Abu'l Ghana'im. Political philosophy. Balance of power Bellum omnium contra omnes Body politic Clash of civilizations Common good Consent of the governed Divine right of kings Family as a model for the state Monopoly on violence Natural law Negative and positive rights Night-watchman state Noble lie Noblesse oblige Open society Ordered liberty Original position Overton window Separation of powers Social contract State of nature Statolatry Tyranny of the majority.

Republic c. Authoritarianism Collectivism and individualism Conflict theories Contractualism Critique of political economy Egalitarianism Elite theory Elitism History of political thought Institutional discrimination Jurisprudence Justification for the state Machiavellianism Political ethics Political spectrum Left-wing politics Centrism Right-wing politics Political theology Political violence Separation of church and state Separatism Social justice Statism Totalitarianism Index.

Category:Political philosophy. People of Khorasan. Authority control databases.

Kisah nizam al mulk biography: Siyasatname ditulis oleh Nizam al Mulk

More From encyclopedia. About this article Nizam al-Mulk All Sources. Updated Aug 13 About encyclopedia. Niza, Marcos de? Niyazov, Saparmurat. Niyazi real name, Taghi-zade-Khadzhibekov. Nixson, Frederick Ian. Nixon, United States v. Nixon, Tricia —.

Kisah nizam al mulk biography: Khosrow and Shirin is the

Nixon, Roger. Nixon, Richard M. Nixon, Resignation of. Nixon, Queenie ca. But a reading of the same sources, shorn of these underlying assumptions, reveals other traits and priorities. Perhaps the only flicker of truth in this fog of conspiracy was the charge of nepotism, for the Vizier did, after all, secure the continuation of his policies by installing a number of his relatives in prominent positions.

Five of his sons, two of his grandsons, and one great-grandson held the office of vizier to one or another of the rulers after him, though none could reach his eminence, as recounted succinctly in Ibn Funduq's d. The more general attribution that he lived and died a stalwart of orthodoxy, tacitly accepted by many modern scholars of medieval Islam, should be reconsidered.

There is praise for his tolerance from opposing sides. Should the madrasahs fall short of this objective, he would have no alternative but to shut them down. For sectarian strife, see Richard W. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 9, Nizam al-Mulk now systematised it in the larger field open to him.

In the Siyasat-nama he insists, however, on the necessity of limiting the rights of fief-holders to the collection of fixed dues, and of setting a short time-limit to their tenures see on this subject, Becker, Steuerpacht und Lehnswesen, in Isl. In the absence of the intelligence service he desired,qNizam al-Mulk contrived to intimidate potential rebels and suppress local tyranny by a judicious display of the might and mobility of the Saldjuqid arms.

He also insisted on the periodical appearance at court of local dynasts such as the Mazyadids [q. It was not until the second half of Malikshah's reign that the full effects of Nizam al-Mulk's achievement made themselves felt. Nizam al-Mulk was naturally much sought after as a patron. The poet Mu'izzi [q. Browne, But though his charity, which was profuse see for example, al-Subki, Tabaqat al-Shafi'iyya, iii, 41went in large measure to men of religion-among them the most notable objects of his patronage being Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi [q.

In another sphere, the inauguration of the "alali calendar [q. Nizam al-Mulk's name is especially associated with the founding of a series of colleges whose ethos and teachings were closely connected with the Ash'ari kalam and the Shafi'i legal school, of which the vizier himself was an adherent. His reasons for the setting-up of a chain of madrasas in the main cities of 'Iraq, al-"azira and Persia and especially in his home province of Khurasan [see madrasa.

But in the context of the age, with its reaction against Mu'tazilism in philosophy and dialectics and against political Shi'ism as manifested in the preceding Buyid and north Syrian amirates and the still-powerful Fatimid caliphate in Egypt and southern Syria, it seems possible that he aimed at training a body of reliable, Sunni-oriented secretaries and officials who would run the Great Saldjuq empire when Nizam al-Mulk had moulded it along the kisah nizam al mulk biography lines and thus further the progress of the Sunni political and intellectual revival.

Bosworth, in Camb. For the first seven years of Malikshah's reign, Nizam al-Mulk's authority went altogether unchallenged. Malikshah now began to hope, indeed, for the overthrow of his mentor, showing extraordinary favour to officials such as Ibn Bahmanyar and, later, Sayyid al-Ru'asa' Ibn Kamal al-Mulk, who were bold enough to criticise him.

Ibn Bahmanyar went so far as to attempt the wazir's assassination also inwhereas Sayyid al-Ru'asa' contented himself with words. But in each case, Nizam al-Mulk was warned; and the culprits were blinded. In that year, however, occurred the first serious challenge to the Saldjuqid power, when Basra was sacked by a force of qarmatians [see qarmati]; and almost simultaneously their co-sectary the Assassin leader al-Hasan b.

She was eager for Mahmud to be formally declared heir. Nizam al-Mulk, however, was in favour of Barkiyaruq [q.