Sir adams george archibald biography definition

Sir adams george archibald biography definition: Sir Adams George Archibald KCMG PC

He assumed that any land grants would be surveyed rectangularly according to the system used in the United States. Archibald had no wish to preserve the traditional way of life of the Red River area. Indeed, he saw the problems in Manitoba as a clash between a primitive, isolated society and an advanced civilization. The people of the northwest, he had told Sir William Young in Julywere but children, with the wilfulness and imagination of children, and must be persuaded to adapt to progress.

His continued call for conciliation thus reflected both his sense of public morality and a strong desire to bring about the inevitable transition without further violence. A continuing source of grievance was the question of amnesty, over which he had no control. At the same time he advised them to file claims to consolidate their existing communities.

He was convinced that they would soon sell off their land scrip to settlers who would be better able to exploit the land. Unfortunately he exceeded his mandate and contradicted a recent policy of the federal government that allowed Ontario settlers to stake claims on unsurveyed lands. Macdonald may well have been influenced by fears about the Orange vote in Ontario.

By the fall of Archibald was becoming more and more concerned over reports that Fenians were preparing to invade Manitoba. Since the withdrawal of the Ontario and Quebec rifles in June, Archibald had been forced to rely on approximately militiamen and 70 police constables for the defence of the province.

Sir adams george archibald biography definition: ARCHIBALD, Sir ADAMS GEORGE, lawyer,

The raid was a short-lived affair and within a week it had collapsed. Riel, with the obvious intent of gathering political support, invited Archibald to meet them at St Boniface. In spite of the fact that he must have known it would cause trouble, Archibald shook hands with a number of the leaders, including Riel himself, though no names were given at the meeting.

In Ottawa, Macdonald became convinced that the incidents of the summer and fall of were part of a conspiracy initiated by Roman Catholic priests who refused to accept Canadian authority. On 25 November Archibald sent in his resignation in order, he said, to give the government a free hand in dealing with the controversy that had developed over his actions.

He went on to read Macdonald a lesson in constitutional procedure. In the tradition of localism he argued that his policies were approved by the majority of residents in the province and according to the principles of self-government their views should be his sole guide. He spiritedly defended his actions in the speech from the throne at the opening of the Manitoba legislature in January When it passed with an overwhelming majority, he sent in a second and more formal notice of his resignation.

Macdonald had considerable difficulty in finding a replacement for Archibald, who was asked to withdraw his resignation. He agreed to remain until after the forthcoming federal election, but since the tensions in the province were unresolved, he felt that he was in an anomalous position. When problems developed, such as those involving Indian treaties nos.

The difficulties arose in part from complaints of native leaders that promises of farm supplies made by Indian Commissioner Wemyss McKenzie Simpson had not been kept. A more pressing problem occurred when eastern merchants, refusing to accept Treaty No. However, he had little power and few resources to deal with the situation. The federal election in September brought additional difficulties, including an attack on the polling station in St Boniface.

What attracted particular attention outside the province, however, was the election in Provencher of Cartier who had been defeated in Montreal East in the place of Riel. When Archibald was finally given permission to return to Ottawa in October, his departure was officially regarded as temporary, but it was widely understood that he would not return.

For his work in Manitoba he was made a cmg. Various complications delayed his appointment to the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, and in February he agreed to become a director of the Canada Pacific Railway Company. Archibald apparently felt that there was little possibility of success but was determined to explore every lead, in order to prevent Allan from blaming any failure on the government.

On his return Archibald found that his judicial appointment had gone through. Johnston as lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia in June, Archibald was made judge in equity, but within days he was invited to become lieutenant governor when Johnston withdrew his acceptance because of ill health. Archibald resigned from the bench and was sworn in on 5 July.

Sir adams george archibald biography definition: Archibald was the Lieutenant-Governor of

The position he assumed as lieutenant governor in Nova Scotia was considerably easier than that in Manitoba. Yet proceedings in the Nova Scotia assembly in the s were as raucous as any in the history of the province. He had also to deal with ministers who resented his part in confederation. Further, provincial legislation considered contrary to federal policy, especially with respect to trade and commerce, was likely, under both Macdonald and Alexander Mackenzieto be disallowed by the federal government rather than reserved by the lieutenant governor.

Archibald did use his power to reserve two bills and refused to sign six others. Archibald, as a former attorney general, was better able to evaluate the state of public measures. Moreover, his experience in Manitoba may well have influenced his views on his function. On first taking office he participated in meetings of the cabinet, but he did not continue this practice after Indeed, by he had abandoned any overt political role and preferred to remain discreetly in the background.

This was essentially a cynical appeal to popular prejudice, and no significant actions were taken against the province's Catholics following the election. Archibald did not run, but was nevertheless appointed Attorney General in Howe's government on February 10, He returned to parliament following a by-election victory on March 8, In his new capacity, Archibald was a leading proponent of provincial railway development, even following the economic downturn of Archibald succeeded him as Liberal leader, although Howe continued to serve as Premier until the next election was called.

In earlyHowe's outgoing ministry passed a bill which re-introduced property qualifications for voters. The bill did not become law before the provincial election of Mayhowever, and it was largely due to the bill's unpopularity that Archibald's Liberals were dealt a crushing defeat. The party won only 14 seats out of 55, though Archibald was personally re-elected in Colchester South.

Despite serving as leader of the opposition from toArchibald frequently sided with the Conservative ministry against his own caucus on important legislative initiatives. He supported the education tax plan put forward by Charles Tupper 's government, although it was opposed by most members of his own party. Following the conference, he was the only member of the Liberal caucus to support Nova Scotia's entry into confederation.

Archibald faced a leadership challenge from anti-confederate William Annand inbut emerged victorious. Nova Scotia's political system was transformed by the debate on Confederation, and its concurrent provincial and federal elections in September were fought by Confederation and anti-Confederation parties, rather than by Liberals and Conservatives.

The Confederation Party suffered a massive defeat, and Archibald despite spending a very large sum of money was defeated by Archibald McLelan in the riding of Colchester. He resigned his cabinet post on April 30, Popular opinion in Nova Scotia subsequently shifted in favour of Confederation, particularly after one-time anti-confederate Joseph Howe joined Macdonald's government in The son died early in life.

The three daughters were Joanna Mrs. RigbyElizabeth Alice? Llewellyn Jonesand Mary Lavinia Mrs. He is commemorated by Archibald Street in Winnipeg. There are extensive papers held at the Archives of Manitoba. On 27 Aug. Though abused at sir adams george archibald biography definition by both parties, his administration proved very successful; he maintained with skill his position in relation both to the central government and the people whom he had to accustom to the reign of order.

In October he resigned by his own desire, with the unconcealed regret of the governor-general, the Earl afterwards Marquis of Dufferin. On 24 June Archibald was appointed judge in equity in Nova Scotia, but on 4 July the office of lieutenant-governor became vacant, and he succeeded to the post, which he filled with such general approbation that at the end of his term in he was reappointed, and did not finally retire from this office till 4 July In he was once more induced to stand for Colchester, and was elected to the Canadian House of Commons; but inat the next general election, did not offer himself as a candidate.

He died at Truro on 14 Dec. Archibald was created C. In he became a director of the Canadian Pacific Railway and in chairman of the governors of Dalhousie College.